Improvement in valve-gearing for steam-hammers



' 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 R. MORRISON. VALVB GEA'RING FOR STEAM HAMMERS.

No. 37,457. Patented Jan. 20, 1863.

2 Sheets -Sheet 2.

R. MORRISON. VALVE GEARING FOR STEAM HAMMERS.

Patented Jan. 20-, 1863- UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE- 'no'nnnr nonmson, or NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE,ENGLAND.

lMPROVEMENT lN VALVE-GEARING FOR STEAM-HAMMER S.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 37,457; dated January 20, 1863; patented in England,

" December 16, 1859.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ROBERT Monnrsornof the town and county of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, in the Kingdom of Great Britain, have invented new and usefulImprovements in Valve Gearing for Double-Acting Steam-Hammers, .and for which a patent dated 16th of December, 1859, was granted me in the-Kingdom of Great Britain; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull and exact description of the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, and to the figures and let-- ters of reference marked thereon.

My invention consists in the substitution .for the present complicated gearing for working double-acting steam-hammers of a spanner or slotlink, so arranged that the valve or valves do not travel the full stroke unless the hammer is working the extreme distance both up and down, while any partial movement of the hammer produces a proportional partial inovement of the valve. The respective laps of the top and bottom inlet edges-of the valve or valves are so altered or regulated that while-in some cases the whole stroke of the valve will not be sufficient to admit steam either above or below the hammer-piston, yetpiston; and this constitutes a characteristic feature of my invention, that by an easy and continuous sliding action the valve is constantly following the motion of the hammer, while the regulation of the lap of the valve or valves admits the steam early or late, or during a longer or shorter period of thestroke, as may be found desirable.

It follows, also, that by the use of the slot-, .link I can produce a motion uniformly proportional to that of the hammer,-but at a greatly-reduced velocity, so that when it is necessary to use less than the full amount of this link-motion the diminished velocity en: ablesme to do so without causing any injury {so the valves or detrimental wear to the parts communicating the motion of the link to the valve. It will be seen that by respectively modifying the laps of the top and bottom edges, and altering the relative strokes of the hammer and valves, the steam may be admitted at any desired portion of the stroke, both above and below the hammer-piston, and all the combinations of long and short strokes,

that the screw-on the top maybe turned'irre" spective of that on the bottom, or by any combination of such slide or valve, or slides or valves, with their spindle or spindles, whereby the motion or adjustment before described may be efi'ected.-

I also propose to use cylindrical valves with the edges for the admission. and egress of ,the steam disposed in the form of a spiral or screw on the surface the ports in the cylindrical case being likewise so spirally disposed with acorresponding pitch that the moving of the valve round in its cylindrical case will ca use the edges for the inlet and egress of the steam. to advance or recede respectively with those parts on the valve-case, and produce the same result as though they were actually lifted and depressed without turning.

In cases where cylindrical valves may not be used I adopt valves with beveled edges, the

ports having a corresponding bevel. By moving the valve in this case sidewise the same effect is obtained as by the rotary motion with the cylindrical screw-edged valve.

It will'be. seen that in all the cases described the same effects can be obtained by moving the slide-faces, the slides and spindles 're-. maining fixed. I

In order that my said invention may be fully understood, I will now proceed more fully to describe the same.

On reference to the drawing forming part of this specification, and in which'the same letters of reference allude to similar parts throughout the several views, Figure 1 on Sheet 1 represents a front elevation of a steamhammer with my present improvement-s titted thereto. Fig. 2 is a corresponding side view of the same. Figs. 1 and 2 on Sheet 2 represent in detail a modification of my improvements, consisting in the employment of two slide-valves, capable of separate adjustment.

Figs. 3, 4, 5, andfi show details of the tap plication of a single cylindrical valve to my improvements. Figs. 7 and 8 show details of a single slide-valve applied to my improve.

B is a roller fixed onto the top of a hammer bar and working in the slot of the link. This slot-link and roller are so arranged that the lever attached to the slide orv slides is up when the hammer is down, although for certain combinations of ports and slides it may be necessary to reverse this.

It will be seen that the curve of the slot 'link may be made so that for every inch of motion of the hammer-bar any corresponding amount of motion may be given to the valve" that may berequired, and the motion may be either regular and uniform or variedthat is to-say, it may either be. uniformly the same during all parts of the stroke ofthe hammerbar, or it may be made to give a'more or less amount of motion at different portions of the stroke of the hammer-bar if found desirable. The valve employed in this case is of the cylindrical construction above alluded to, and hereinafter more fully described, G and'H being handles for regulating the action of the valve.- 'Figs.1 and 2 on Sheet 2 of my drawings represent two views of the application of two slide-valves to my improvements, capable of separate adjustment. 4

The cross-head A is worked by the slot-link hereinbefore referred to, and .moves with it the two-slide-spindles B and (3,"which areso fixed that they may freely turn on their axes. Two slides, E andF, are attached, respectively, to these spindles by means of screws, so arranged that by moving the spindles round the whole. or any portion of a revolution the slidesmay be raised or depressed at will.

- E is the valve for admitting steam above, and

F the valve for admitting steam below, the piston, and it will be seen that the higherthevalve F is screwed the sooner the steam will pass below the piston, and it may even be screwed so far up that the hammer-bar at the very-top of its stroke will not have given the valve a suflicient downward motionto shut-it off, and

will consequently remain suspended, and the same may be said of the valve E. Itmay be so screwed down as either not to open at all or, to open at any part of the stroke of the hammer-bar. v

The slide-spindles have keys let in them, so that the handlesG and H may give them the requisite rotary motion on their axes.

. Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 show details of thevalve arrangement attached to the hammer, (represented in Sheet 1 of my dra'wings,) whereby the motion of the hammer-bar is regulated by one cylindrical valve. In this case the steam is always admitted alternately above and below the piston, and the part of the stroke where height of the covering part of the valve co1nv pared with the ports;

The passages and valve are bo'thportions of screws of equal pitches, and it will be seen that, by making the covering vpart of the valve Wider than the openings andtuirningthe valve on its axis, these partswill riseand fall relative to the ports. p

A is the slide-rod, fixed to turn in' the crosshead hereinbefore referred to. B is the valve,

for the slide, with the. ports-likewise spirally disposed. and of corresponding pitch to the valve. E is the socket working round the spin.-

of a screw, as shown at Fig.6, to fit another on the spindle. This allows the valve to re'-' main stationary during a portion of the stroke of theh ammer-bar, thereby increasing its stroke by allowing the steam to be acting both above and below during a longer-portion'of its travel. G is the handle for turning'the'socketE and regulating the amount of slack' or play-of the valve, and H is the handle for turning round the valve and spindle. Figs. 7 and 8 show details of a'mode of workin g with one valve and regulating its height by means of a screw, A, in the cross-head, while the socket for giving play to the valve is regulated by'a hand-wheel, B. U is the handle for raising or lowering the valve." Figs. 9 and 10 show a mode of'efi'ecting the .change of the relative positions of the ports and valves by moving the ports or slide-faces by means -'of a'rod and lever, the amount of .play in the valve 'beingregulated by turning the rod round in the nut D.

It will be noticed that here the slack or play of the valve is given on the top side of the valve, and in the previous. figures on the bottom side. The valve in going down lets when the nut or socket is on the top side of the valve and play is given, the hammer-bar will have to travel so much higher before i-tis checked -by the steam, and when on the bottom side of the slide thebar will have to descend so much farther.

attained by a'variety of other combinations, 'of which theseare merely examples. I

Having thus fully described myinvention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is--.

.1. The use of a slot-link or its equivalent to operate the valves of steam-hammers, for the ipurpose of maintaining the reciprocating moative directionduring any number of strokes,

this change is made depends on the relative (shown. detached at Fig. 4,) with its spiral edges 0 0.: D, Fig.'-5, is the cylindrical-case,

dle A, the top part F of this socket being part' part of a screw in-the valve, so that by turm- :ing'this socket the valve can either be jammed, fast against the collar D" or allowed to be loose the'steam onto the top, and in. goingvup onto the bottom side of the piston; consequently,

The same results as above described may be tioii of thehammer andvalve in the same rel if so desired, or, when less than the f lmotion hammers, so connected with the hammer asto of the valve is required, causing the rts apbe capable of maintaining with it a continuproaching contact to produce this i ous movement when the hammer and. valve are to move at 31635 Velocity than the 1131111116 1% at full stroke, while at the same time the relastantially as and for the purpose describ five positions of the valves and ports may be 2. Connecting the valve or valves of steamv ed, substantially as and for the purpose hammers to the slot-link, as described, or its s @iied.

equivalent, in, such a manner that the Whole or any portion of the motion due to the link, or its equivalent, may be imparted to the valve or valves, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

3. The use of a valve or valves in steam- 4 ,v BOBT. MORRISON.

Witnesses;

J. 1i bRsr R,

v1S0 icitor, N ewcastle-upo'n-Tync. JOHN FLEMING,

Solicitor, Newcastle-unoen-Tune. 

